how do i tell my coworker, gently and respectfully, the following: a) smoking outside with the door open doesn't do much to keep the smoke OUT of the office, and b) throwing her cigarette butts into the trash can in the office makes it smell like soggy cigarettes ? she is wonderful and i think she just thinks we don't mind and/or it's not a problem and/or we don't notice, so i don't want to be mean about it. it also sucks that it has been happening since i started work here and i haven't said anything yet... help!
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It's always more in how you say it than what you say... and preceed it with something that takes her defenses down and lets her know it's nothing personal
Just be polite about it. It may be helpful to point out that you have a mild tobacco allergy. (Technically, everyone is at least slightly allergic to some of the substances in tobacco.) Taking this angle makes it clear that it's nothing personal.

As an office smoker...
Just be nice about it and let her know. She probably won't really care that much.
I was told this rudely by coworkers when it wasn't me who was doing it. I was less than pleased...